Marijuana History / Usage Essays - Cannabis, Legality Of Cannabis

Marijuana History / Usage Ben Holicky Marijuana is a drug that has been used for thousands of years. Marijuana was used in ancient China, as far back as 5000 B.C. The Incan's and Mayan's used marijuana in religious ceremonies. Marijuana also has roots in this country. The Indians of the plains used marijuana in their peace pipes as a sign of friendship and peace. After prohibition there was a sharp rise in the use of this drug in America, but after prohibition was repealed the use went down. In the 1920's and 30's the use of marijuana was primarily by the minorities. In the 1930's it was common belief that minorities where inhumane and violent, and people believed that marijuana was part of the cause. Then in 1937 marijuana was declared illegal. This was done with no research. It was just assumed that marijuana caused psychological dependence, provoked violent crimes, and led to insanity. People were told that marijuana would make people want to take a gun, knife, or weapon and kill someone. Prohibition on marijuana was established due to a misunderstanding. Prohibition has not achieved its goal, and goes against an American philosophical approach. I believe it is time to look at the facts and benefits, and to reconsider marijuana prohibition. Marijuana has a positive effect on patients with certain diseases. AIDS victims are sometimes prescribed marijuana to help increase their appetite. Victims of AIDS do not want to eat and thus they do not get the nutrients they need. Marijuana helps them to eat, and thus enabling them to get the nutrients they need. Marijuana also helps to increase the appetite in cancer patients. People who get glaucoma's also use marijuana. It helps to ease the pain for many glaucoma patients. Marijuana is very helpful to these people. This is just one example of why marijuana prohibition should be reconsidered. When comparing tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana, there is evidence that marijuana has the least addictive power. During the Nixon administration, the government concluded that marijuana did not posses any physically addictive traits. The University of California did a study on the power of heroin, cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, caffeine, and marijuana in terms of power to induce psychological dependence. Nicotine was first, marijuana last. Marijuana was deemed least likely to produce signs of withdrawal upon quitting, and last in terms of producing a physical tolerance to the drug. Marijuana is less addictive than two legal drugs in this country. This does not make sense, and so prohibition should be reconsidered. The United States government spends too much money each year on prohibition of marijuana. The DEA spends 1.3 billion ? fighting ? marijuana, and that does not include the cost of prison management and construction. Overall, the government has spent 30 billion of the taxpayer's money. Of felons convicted of crimes related to marijuana possession, production and trafficking through 1980-1992, 58% had no prior arrest history, 91% were not identified as organizers, leaders, managers or supervisors of drug-oriented organizations, and 92% did not own or posses a gun. In other words, the government is spending millions of dollars putting non-violent otherwise law-abiding citizens in jail and making the taxpayers pay the bill. The amount of money spent on ? war ? on marijuana is unreasonable. This is not worth it, and is another reason why prohibition of marijuana should be reconsidered. The original motivation for marijuana prohibition was based on a lack of knowledge, and should be reconsidered. Even after research showing the drug to be much better than originally thought, people will not change their view on the matter. And so billions of dollars will continually be spent on persecution and enforcement, while is does not change anything. The patterns do not change and the use does not decline, and the government will not change their view on the subject. The prohibition on marijuana is costly, does not work, and should be reconsidered. It is time that we see and end to the prohibition of marijuana. Bibliography Science Book

20 Best Christmas Gifts Ideas for College Students

20 Best Christmas Gifts Ideas for College Students It all comes down to this, a legendary list of the 20 best Christmas gifts for college students that will make you a seasonal rock of Gibraltar; a Christmas hero! 1. A Really Cool Tetris Light These are probably the coolest door room lights to hit the world since the Lava Lamp. Stackable, colorful and cool the Tetris Desk Light is an awesome choice. Boys and girls will love them. We sure do! 2. A Pair of Quality Headphones College roommates often have different sleeping patterns because theyve got different classes and different class schedules. Time in the room is usually accompanied by video, gaming or noisy internet browsing. A pair a quality headphones is a college student’s best tech-friend. 3. Gift Cards This is universal. Don’t give college kids money because it will almost never be spent on what it should be. Gift cards direct their focus and they’re far more likely to buy necessities like food and toiletries. 4. Dorm Room TV (Space Saver) Flat space saving digital TV’s that can sync with gaming consoles and computers are awesome! Plus, they’re not bulky at all. If the model you choose can be wall-mounted, then there’s nothing better. Furthermore, these days the prices are ridiculously low. Not long ago even buying a smaller quality TV for college kids was spendy. 5. Someone Else’s Wallet? This is a neat idea, and a great way to buy a new wallet for the guys. Get a nice new wallet and then fill it with things like gift cards, new photographs, perhaps sporting event or movie tickets etc. Just a neat way to give a bundle of gifts at the same time in a small package that’s super easy to send in the mail. 6. Gourmet Coffee College kids are the only people on earth who drink more coffee than corporate office bees. The problem is that 99.9% of the time it’s cheap and not so tasty. A nice big bag of gourmet coffee is that understanding and supportive gift that all students appreciate (if they drink coffee that is). 7. Study Abroad Money Most students who study abroad are even more broke while they’re away in some exciting new place than when they’re back in their dorm room. If you can give them some extra spending money for the trip, they’ll never forget it, ever. 8. One-Stop-Shop Bathroom Kit These really are appreciate and used extensively. Don’t think this kit will go to waste because it won’t. Well, maybe some of the little accessories might not get used but the major components never fail. Razors, shaving cream, cologne, soap etc. Mainly because the stuff in the campus store is horrible. 9. An Assortment of Great Sauces College students aren’t known for being good cooks. They just put any old thing together and call it food. That being said, a box of assorted and tasty sauces will be used within a month. Maybe before New Years†¦imagine the flavors of Top Ramen they could conjure up. 10. Shower Slippers The kind that you can wear into the shower to protect your feet and then they dry off super quick so you don’t track water down the hall. Nobody wants athletes foot or to step into someone elses bodily fluids, whatever kind that may be. 11. A Traditional Popcorn Serving Set Seriously, who eats more popcorn than college students? You can survive on the stuff! It would be neat to have a quality serving set that looks just like the kind you get at the movies. How cool is that? 12. High-Brow Bedding Goes without saying†¦ 13. New Laptop Again, an incredible tool that will be used (and abused) and every penny will be squeezed out of it. No college students neglects a new laptop. It’s almost the equivalent to buying them a new used car (except the laptop should be new). You get the idea. 14. Beer Pong Table and Set Yeah, really. Everyone loves the game, but very few students have the table and set. Your kid could be THAT kid in the hall. Hey, college is about networking. 15. DVD Set of Favorite TV Series Are they a crazed Walking Dead fan? Sure, they probably know how to watch every episode online for free, but having their own set they can watch whenever is actually really handy. 16. Clean (Actually White) Socks and Undies Always needed†¦ 17. A Laundry Hamper with Style It needs to have some flare or it will go unnoticed and blend into the disaster area of clothes around it. 18. Good Food Baskets! Can’t go wrong here. A sure winner 100% of the time without fail. 19. Subscription to Netflix All the kids are getting them. That’s the rumor anyways. Beware! Some students become addicted to Netflix in no time. 20. Set Them Up with a Classy Interview! What a novel idea right? Perhaps the ultimate gift you can get a college student this year is to pull some string and set them up with a quality interview. With so many options to choose from it was hard to narrow down the list into a top 20 type presentation. Therefore, we updated the list adding 20 more Christmas gifts ideas for college students. Check them out! Well, here’s your chance students. What would be the perfect Christmas gift for you?

The Copenhagen Zoo killed Marius the giraffe and four lions.

The Copenhagen Zoo killed Marius the giraffe and four lions. When the Copenhagen Zoo in Denmark  killed Marius the giraffe  on February 9, 2014, the public outrage was instantaneous and worldwide. Marius was dissected in front of a public audience, including children, and then fed to the zoos lions. The furor had barely cooled down when, on March 24, 2014, the same zoo  killed four healthy lions, including some who had feasted on Marius remains.   Unfortunately, animals born at zoos do not always get to live their lives out fully.  David Williams-Mitchell, a spokesperson for the  European Association of Zoos and Aquaria,  told CNN that approximately  3,000 to 5,000 animals are killed each year at EAZA zoos. Of these, several hundred are large animals like giraffes and lions, while the majority are smaller animals, including insects and rodents. According to The Independent, five giraffes have been killed in Danish zoos since 2012, as well as  22 healthy zebras, four hippos and two Arabian Oryx throughout Europe. Although policies of the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums are different from those of the EAZA, the animals in American zoos do not always live out their lives at the zoo. Marius the Giraffe    Marius was a healthy, two year old giraffe who was killed by the Copenhagen Zoo  to prevent inbreeding. Although other zoos had offered to take in Marius, one already had Marius brother (making Marius genetically redundant at that zoo), and the others were not accredited by the EAZA. Lesley Dickie, Executive Director of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria, explained in a CNN op ed that Marius would be unlikely to survive in the wild; sterilization for male giraffes can lead to undesirable side-effects  and contraception for female giraffes is difficult, in its infancy, can can be irreversible. Dickie and Copenhagen Zoo officials have repeatedly pointed out that the killing of Marius was within EAZA guidelines.   The zoo and their staff have received death threats and threats to burn down the zoo. Four Lions Killed at Copenhagen Zoo    A few weeks.after killing Marius, the Copenhagen Zoo killed a family of four healthy lions - two parents and their cubs. The zoo had brought in a new, young male to mate with the 18-month-old females who had been born at the zoo, and did not want the young females to mate with their own father.  The zoo argues that the new male would have killed the adult male and two young cubs, as part of a male lions natural behavior of killing all the cubs  and killing the adult male when he takes over a new pride of lions.   The zoo claims that no other zoos were interested in taking the lion family. The justifications for killing the lions have focused on the animals natural behavior, but killing the lions is hardly natural. In the wild, the new male would have to oust the male head of the pride before taking over. This would happen only if the new male were stronger.  Survival of the fittest keeps the species strong as it continues to evolve.   While a new, stronger male would have killed the existing male and the young cubs,  this explanation fails to  address why the older female lion was killed. Controversy . While animal rights activist oppose keeping animals in zoos regardless of their breeding and killing policies, the practice of killing excess animals is especially objectionable and draws public outrage. If thousands of animals are killed every year, why did Marius death garner so much media coverage? It may have been because Marius was dissected and butchered in front of a public audience, and then fed to lions. The controversy, however, was not centered around the dissection and butchering, but on the reasons the giraffe was killed. As Dickie points out, a zoos resources are finite. They knew or should have known in advance that Marius would be genetically undesirable for breeding and yet they allowed Marius parents to breed. The arguments against sterilization or transferring Marius are unconvincing. The British zoo that wanted Marius is capable of making their own determination as to whether Marius was valuable, and the problems with sterilization cannot be worse than death. The whole problem appears to stem from the zoos desire to feature baby animals, even if allowing the animals to reproduce leads to overbreeding, overcrowding and killing.   Supporters of the zoo point out that lions are regularly fed meat from dead animals, and many critics of the zoo are not vegetarian. However, whether some critics of the zoo are hypocrites is a separate issue from whether the zoo was right in killing Marius. Animal rights activists do not believe in keeping any animals in zoos (not be confused with sanctuaries), and are vegan, so there is no inconsistency in the animal rights position.   After the four lions were killed, humor website The Global Edition published a satirical  piece,  Copenhagen Zoo Kills Four Healthy Staff Members To Make Space For New Employees. American Zoos and Aquariums While European zoos would rather allow the animals to naturally reproduce and kill excess animals, American zoos prefer contraception. Regarding Marius killing,  the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums stated in a press release,  Incidents of that sort do not happen at AZA-accredited zoos and aquariums, pointing out that AZA-accredited zoos minimize overbreeding. AZA zoos do sometimes overbreed, leading to animals being sold to unaccredited zoos, circuses, and even canned hunting operations.   Jack Hanna,  director emeritus of the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium in Ohio, called the killing of Marius the most abominable, insensitive, ridiculous thing Ive ever heard of. What is the solution?    Many have argued that Marius could have been sterilized, that his parents could have been sterilized, or that Marius should have been transferred to another zoo. The lions could have also gone to another zoo, the zoo could have built a second lion enclosure,  or the zoo could have passed on bringing in the new lion. While these solutions may have saved these five lives, the issue is bigger than these five animals. Keeping animals in captivity, regardless of whether they are bred, overbred, or intentionally killed,  violates the animals rights  to live their lives free of human use and exploitation. From an animal rights viewpoint, the solution is to boycott zoos and all animal cruelty, and go vegan.

Champagne and its Origins Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Champagne and its Origins - Essay Example Champagne was produced in order to be served to only noble and royal people all throughout the 17th to the 19th century and only after this period did it begin to circulate around the world and be used by other sections of society as well. Gradually, more and more people began consuming champagne; the middle classes thrived and tried to move themselves to the upper sections of society, and the use of champagne helped them achieve a similar status. With the help of better packaging and advertising, the drink began to reach a wider market or more number of people and was used at parties, festivities and any other kind of celebratory events by different kinds of people. From even before the 5th century began, it was found that Romans had planted a number of vineyards in and around the Champagne region of France, leading to the production of a vast variety of grapes which later came into use for the purpose of fermentation and formation of alcohol. A number of these vineyards were grown in churches as the wine was used for religious purposes too. The climate in this northern region was also suitable for viticulture or study and production of grapes and made a difference to the kind of wine that was being produced. The people in the southern regions of France soon also started to develop and undertake the production of grapes for the purpose of producing wine and champagne however the results they achieved brought about a difference in colour and taste due to the difference in temperatures. The oldest existing proof of the production of champagne, from grapes and wine, dates back to the famous ‘Blanquette De Limoux’. This was made in the year 1531 by Benedictine Monks in the Abbey of Saint Hilaire near Carcassonne. After this, many methods were applied in the process of fermentation and famous people like Dom Perignon produced some of the finest champagnes introduced to the world. The creation of champagne is a scientific process which was perfected by physicists’ world over; fermentation was perfected by adding sugar and other substances in order to make the champagne taste sweeter. Dom Perignon also made a few inventions like the making of the muselet for the purpose of holding the cork to create pressure in fermentation on the drink and thus perfect it further. It was also only bottled after the process of fermentation was completely over, just like the proper rural method to create it. Well within the 19th century, the production of champagne broke into the figures of millions of bottled being produced all over the world each year. Champagne production requires at best at least one and a half years getting a good bottle of the sparkling wine. Methode Champenoise is known as one of the most traditional methods of obtaining and producing champagne. First, fermentation is allowed to take place within the bottle. This is the process where a catalyst acts upon the grape solution and converts it into an alcoholic beverage for the purpose of consumption. It is said that the amount of fermentation that takes place makes an effect on the drink; an older and more fermented drink is said to have better taste and structure than anything fairly newer. A second round of fermentation takes place within the bottle with an addition of substances like some grams of yeast and rock sugar after which a long time is required for the flavour to pull and settle inside the bottle. It

No Country for Old Men Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

No Country for Old Men - Essay Example When he is having a conversation with anyone, the camera follows the other character mostly when he/she says something of value or to show what is the effect of Chigurh’s personality or speech on him/her. The character of Sheriff Ed Tom Bell also has a lot of strength. In my opinion, his character is second to Chigurh. His appearance is anticipated at any time because the movie opens up with him narrating in background voice. His first appearance is not shot from a lower angle or an angle that shows his importance. He is shot from a very common angle and his importance can be construed by his wife telling him to â€Å"be careful†. His answers to his wife show that he is an experienced Sheriff and has been in such situations a lot of times before. He can easily be shown as being tired of his job and feeling that he is not good enough for the police work anymore. The feeling of helplessness and knowing that he has a very limited capacity to do things has made him quite cy nical. The camera rarely leaves his face whether he is in a conversation or not. The camera has to be kept on him in such a way that his facial expressions and feelings are recorded properly. In a scene where his subordinate laughs at his remark, the camera still focuses on him a lot to show that he is not amused. The character of Llewelyn Moss can be regarded as the second most important character. If not, this character is very much poised with the character of the Sheriff. Although he runs away with the money that did not belong to him, he still manages to get the sympathy of the audience. Llewelyn told his wife that he â€Å"will return†. This makes the audience expect that he might survive at the end of the movie. But he is killed in the most common manner as any character in the movie does. It is surprising that some of the minor details of his activities are followed by the camera, but his killing is not shown, hence nil dramatizations in his death. Unlike, Chigurh, Ll welyn depicts a lot of feelings ranging from pain to the worry of his wife’s safety. He is also a compassionate person as despite knowing about the danger to his life, he takes water to the dying Mexican gangster/driver, albeit, he was too late. Prior to that, the camera focuses on him from the ceiling as he lies on the bed and records the feelings of restlessness that the thought of the thirsty Mexican brings to him. He is careful and as circumspect as his wits allow him to be but he makes some critical mistakes that lead to his death. The movie uses very less music and even the most intense moments are free from dramatic melody in order to depict reality. This has shown realism in the movie. â€Å"Critics and theorists have championed film as the most realistic of all the arts in capturing how an experience actually looks and sounds† (Giannetti and Leach, Page 3) The time when Chigurh asks the shopkeeper at the gas station to call the coin, it is obvious that he is w agering on killing him. This is a critical moment but no music is used. The sounds used are natural and real. In this movie, the rarity of music enables the audience to expect the un-expectable at any moment. In the beginning, when Lelwelyn walks to the scene of the crime and away from it, the contact of his feet with the ground can be heard very clearly. Also, the time when he is in the motel, the sound of the creak of the wooden floor due to

Public School Finance: Prospectus Paper :: essays research papers

Public School Finance: Prospectus Paper Oklahoma utility companies are currently protesting the amount of taxes that they must pay. The dispute came about because of the difference between what utility companies and other commercial properties and other entities such as railroads and airlines must pay. The utility companies originally protested all of the taxes that they had to pay. They are now protesting the percentage of taxes that they must pay above what the commercial properties pay. The money is currently going into escrow accounts until a decision over the taxes has been made. According to Oklahoma Tax Commission estimates, the protests could affect more than $63 million in funding for schools and counties across the state. The money will not be allocated into the schools until the dispute has been settled. A large group of Oklahoma superintendents has been meeting with the big four utility companies (Public Service Company of Oklahoma, Oklahoma Natural Gas, Oklahoma Gas and Electric and Southwestern Bell) to try to reach a compromise. The most recent meeting occurred on Monday, November 28, 1994. At that meeting Marvin Stokes, Superintendent of Byng Schools, proposed that the utility companies be assessed at 25 mills and that commercial properties be assessed at 20 mills. This would generate around $100 million in new revenue for Oklahoma schools. Eugene Chitwood, Okemah County Assessor, suggested that public service companies be assessed at 23 mills and that commercial properties be assessed at 15-19 mills. This would generate around $50 million in new revenue for Oklahoma schools. The utility companies are currently paying 22.85 mills and commercial properties are paying 11 mills. Private advalorem property is assessed at 11-14 mills. The utility companies were receptive to the suggestions. They do not care if their taxes are increased as long as commercial properties are assessed at a higher level as well. Another idea proposed to the utility companies for their tax rate to decrease to 21.85 mills. This would free up around 58 million dollars immediately if the utility companies agree. The group of Oklahoma superintendents will meet with Glen Johnson ,Speaker of the House, on Monday, December 5, 1995. The superintendents feel that it would be to their advantage to have there concerns heard by the House even though the State Equity board has the final say. The State Equity Board is comprised of the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, State Superintendent of Schools, State Treasurer, the State Auditor, and the State Secretary of Agricultural. In order to get a measure passed by the State Equity Board, a measure must receive four of the 7 votes.

Crisis Management Communication Plan Essay

Create a 750- to 1,050-word crisis management communication plan for a health care organization or health care setting with which you are familiar. Include the following in your plan:  · An explanation of how communication dynamics may differ in times of crisis, mass trauma, or disaster  · Three ways to reduce stress during a crisis  · Three ways to resolve potential communication challenges Cite at least two peer-reviewed references supporting the strategies used in your communication plan. College life is much different than life at home. Your parents aren’t there to help whenever you need them and you’ll be entrusted with far more responsibility than you’re used to. Make sure you stay organized and manage your time wisely or you’ll find yourself drowning in your new found responsibilities. There is HCS 350 Week 5 Crisis Management Communication Plan in this pack. General Questions – General General Questions Resource: Assignment Grading Criteria: Crisis Management Plan Create a 750- to 1,050-word crisis management communication plan for a health care organization or health care setting with which you are familiar. Include the following in your plan:  · An explanation of how communication dynamics may differ in times of crisis, mass trauma, or disaster  · Three ways to reduce stress during a crisis  · Three ways to resolve potential communication challenges Cite at least two peer-reviewed references supporting the strategies used in your communication plan. College life is much different than life at home. Your parents aren’t there to help whenever you need them and †¦ Search for more tutorials here – https://bitly.com/12CbKhM College life is much different than life at home. Your parents aren’t there to help whenever you need them and you’ll be entrusted with far more responsibility than you’re used to. Make sure you stay organized and manage your time wisely or you’ll find yourself drowning in your new found responsibilities. General Questions – General General Questions Resource: Assignment Grading Criteria: Crisis Management Plan Create a 750- to 1,050-word crisis management communication plan for a health care organization or health care setting with which you are familiar. Include the following in your plan:  · An explanation of how communication dynamics may differ in times of crisis, mass trauma, or disaster  · Three ways to reduce stress during a crisis  · Three ways to resolve potential communication challenges Cite at least two peer-reviewed references supporting the strategies used in your communication plan.